# ijmsrci.com > International Journal of Medical Sciences, Research & Clinical Insights ## Posts - [Congenital Malformations of the Eye: Embryology, Genetics, Diagnosis and Management](https://ijmsrci.com/congenital-malformations-of-the-eye-embryology-genetics-diagnosis-and-management/): Authors: Harun Al Farhad, Ishrat Perween, Anchal Tiwari, Anjali Yadav MBBS students, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Kyrgyzstan Scientific supervisor: K. A. Raiimova, Instructor of Ophthalmology, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University Abstract Congenital malformations of the eye are structural defects that arise when the tightly timed sequence of ocular embryogenesis is disturbed by genetic, chromosomal or environmental causes. Individually rare, they are an important cause of childhood visual impairment and blindness, and early visual loss also alters the development of the visual cortex and of the child’s motor, cognitive and social skills. This review summarises the embryology of the eye, the… - [Anatomical Variations of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Surgical Safety in Thyroidectomy:](https://ijmsrci.com/anatomical-variations-of-the-recurrent-laryngeal-nerve-and-surgical-safety-in-thyroidectomy/): A Comprehensive Narrative Review Muskan Sanjay¹,  Sabahat Karim¹,  Kanymgul Asanbek kyzy² ¹ MBBS Students, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan ² Teacher , Department of Anatomy, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan Manuscript Type: Narrative Review Article Subject Area: Surgical Anatomy, Endocrine Surgery, Clinical Anatomy Table of Contents List of Abbreviations Abbreviation Full Term C-IONM Continuous Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring CT Computed Tomography ELB Extralaryngeal Branching EMG Electromyography IONM Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring ITA Inferior Thyroid Artery NRLN Non-Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses RLN Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve TGR Tracheoesophageal Groove URTI Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Abstract Background: Thyroidectomy… - [Headache and Dizziness](https://ijmsrci.com/headache-and-dizziness/): 1. ABDYKAIMOVA GULZAT KAMCHYBEKOVNA 2. BABU RUSSEL 3. PREM SARWADE 4. KARUNESH KUMAR 1, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL FACULTY, OSH STATE UNIVERSITY, OSH KYRGYZ REPUBLIC. 2,3,4 STUDENTS, INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL FACULTY, OSH STATE UNIVERSITY, OSH KYRGYZ REPUBLIC. Abstract Headache and dizziness are among the most common neurological complaints encountered in outpatient clinics, emergency departments, and primary healthcare settings. These symptoms may arise from benign self-limiting disorders or indicate serious underlying neurological, cardiovascular, metabolic, infectious, or psychiatric conditions. A narrative review methodology was adopted using standard medical textbooks, PubMed-indexed articles, and evidence-based clinical guidelines from organizations including the World Health Organization (WHO), National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE),… - [Rheumatic Fever](https://ijmsrci.com/rheumatic-fever/): 1 NURALIEVA ALTYNAY TOPCHUBAEVNA 2 SOYAB SOYAB 1 LECTURER, INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL FACULTY, OSH STATE UNIVERSITY, OSH KYRGYZ REPUBLIC. 2 STUDENT, INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL FACULTY, OSH STATE UNIVERSITY, OSH KYRGYZ REPUBLIC. Abstract Rheumatic fever is a systemic inflammatory disease that develops as a delayed autoimmune complication following infection with Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus, particularly streptococcal pharyngitis. It remains a major public health problem in developing countries and contributes significantly to acquired cardiovascular morbidity among children and young adults. The present retrospective observational review aimed to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, complications, and management outcomes of rheumatic fever among pediatricand adolescent patients attending tertiary healthcare centers. Data from… - [Methodology Recommendation Standard for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Clinical Form of Coronary Heart Disease and Heart Failure](https://ijmsrci.com/methodology-recommendation-standard-for-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-chronic-clinical-form-of-coronary-heart-disease-and-heart-failure/): 1. MOHD NABEEL ALI  2.ANAND SAGAR 3  AIZHAMAL ESENGELDI KYZY, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR IMF , OSHSU 1,2 STUDENTS, INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL FACULTY, OSH STATE UNIVERSITY, OSH KYRGYZ REPUBLIC. 3.ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL FACULTY, OSH STATE UNIVERSITY, OSH KYRGYZ REPUBLIC. Abstract Chronic coronary heart disease (CCHD) and heart failure (HF) remain among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, significantly affecting quality of life and healthcare systems. The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle has contributed to the rising burden of ischemic heart disease and chronic cardiac dysfunction. The present research paper aims to… - [Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children: Evidence from India and the Kyrgyz Republic](https://ijmsrci.com/iron-deficiency-anemia-in-children-evidence-from-india-and-the-kyrgyz-republic/): Scientific Advisor : Elmira Narmatova, Associate Professor,IMF-OSHSU Authored By : Ahmed Shakeel , Almas Arif ; 3rd Year MBBS,IMF-OSHSU Subject: Pediatrics (Child Diseases) International Medical Faculty Osh State University Year: 2026 Abstract Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional disorder affecting children worldwide and remains a major public health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Childhood IDA is associated with impaired cognitive development, reduced immunity, poor growth, and increased morbidity and mortality. This article reviews iron deficiency anemia in children using evidence derived from two large population-based surveys conducted in different geographical and socio-economic contexts: the National Family… - [Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenesis, Screening, and Emerging Therapies](https://ijmsrci.com/type-2-diabetes-mellitus-pathogenesis-screening-and-emerging-therapies/): Subject: Endocrinology  |  Article Type: Review Article Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenesis, Screening, and Emerging Therapies Editorial Team | Medical Education & Research Portal In collaboration with: Osh State University Faculty of Medicine, Kyrgyzstan | I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy ABSTRACT Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder of global significance. This review examines current understanding of T2DM pathogenesis, including insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction, and evaluates evidence-based screening protocols and novel pharmacological strategies, with attention to their applicability in low- and middle-income settings including Kyrgyzstan. 1. Introduction T2DM affects over 537 million people worldwide (IDF Diabetes… - [Hypertension Management in Central Asian Populations: A Comprehensive Review](https://ijmsrci.com/hypertension-management-in-central-asian-populations-a-comprehensive-review/): Subject: Cardiology  |  Article Type: Review Article Hypertension Management in Central Asian Populations: A Comprehensive Review Editorial Team | Medical Education & Research Portal In collaboration with: Osh State University Faculty of Medicine, Kyrgyzstan | I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy ABSTRACT Hypertension remains one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Central Asian populations, including those in Kyrgyzstan, face unique epidemiological, dietary, and socioeconomic risk factors. This review synthesizes current evidence on hypertension prevalence, pathophysiology, and management strategies relevant to the region, drawing on guidelines from the World Health Organization and recent clinical studies. 1. Introduction Hypertension,… - [Medical Terminology as an Object of Intercultural Communication](https://ijmsrci.com/medical-terminology-as-an-object-of-intercultural-communication/): 1. Vithika Ray 2. Imankulova Tolgonai Zhakypovna (1. Student, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic 2. Teacher, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic.) Abstract Medical terminology serves as a pivotal linguistic conduit in intercultural communication within the realms of healthcare, education, and scientific inquiry. Predominantly rooted in Greek and Latin, medical terms function as a universal professional lexicon that facilitates precise communication among physicians, researchers, and students hailing from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds. However, despite this ostensible universality, medical terminology is influenced by phonetic adaptation, grammatical frameworks, sociocultural contexts, and historical trajectories particular to… - [Diseases of the Gallbladder and Biliary Tract in Children: Biliary Tract Dyskinesia, Cholecystitis, and Developmental Abnormalities](https://ijmsrci.com/diseases-of-the-gallbladder-and-biliary-tract-in-children-biliary-tract-dyskinesia-cholecystitis-and-developmental-abnormalities/): OSH STATE UNIVERSITY International Medical Faculty Department of Pediatrics (Child Diseases) Diseases of the Gallbladder and Biliary Tract in Children: Biliary Tract Dyskinesia, Cholecystitis, and Developmental Abnormalities An Academic Review Article for Pediatrics (Child Diseases) Authors: Anjali Yadav  |  Mohammad Mohamed Email: ay813983@gmail.com University: Osh State University, IMF Year: 2026 Abstract Diseases of the gallbladder and biliary tract constitute a clinically significant subset of pediatric gastrointestinal disorders. While historically considered rare in childhood, advances in diagnostic ultrasonography and growing awareness have revealed a rising prevalence of biliary pathologies in pediatric populations. This article provides a comprehensive academic review of three major… - [Acute Severe and Chronic Eating Disorders in Children: Etiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management](https://ijmsrci.com/acute-severe-and-chronic-eating-disorders-in-children-etiology-clinical-features-diagnosis-and-management/): Acute Severe and Chronic Eating Disorders in Children: Etiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management An Academic Review Article for Pediatrics (Child Diseases) Authors: Harun Al Farhad Dhali, Ishrat Perween, Anchal Tiwari Subject: Pediatrics (Child Diseases) Faculty: International Medical Faculty University: Osh State University Year: 2026 Corresponding Author: farhadharunal@gmail.com Abstract Background. Eating disorders in children encompass an extraordinarily broad clinical spectrum. At one extreme lie conditions driven by poverty, food insecurity, and infectious disease—most notably severe acute malnutrition (SAM), which continues to affect approximately 19 million children under five years of age globally and remains responsible for hundreds of thousands of preventable deaths… - [Pediatric Diabetes Mellitus: Etiology, Management, and Future Directions](https://ijmsrci.com/pediatric-diabetes-mellitus-etiology-management-and-future-directions/): Pediatric Diabetes Mellitus: Etiology, Management, and Future Directions 1. Md Reyaz Alam 2. Osmonova G. Zh. (1. Student, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic. 2. Teacher, Dept. of Pediatrics, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic.) Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) in children represents a significant and growing public health challenge globally. While Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) remains the most prevalent form in childhood, the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and other forms is rising alarmingly, paralleling trends in childhood obesity. This article provides a comprehensive review of pediatric diabetes, adhering to the IMRAD structure. It… - [Systemic Vasculitis: Kawasaki Disease, EGPA, MPA, Buerger’s Disease, and Behçet’s Disease](https://ijmsrci.com/systemic-vasculitis-kawasaki-disease-egpa-mpa-buergers-disease-and-behcets-disease/): 1. Abhijeet Gaike 2. Anisha Chougale (1. Student, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic. 2. Student, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic.)   Abstract The term “systemic vasculitis” refers to a broad category of conditions marked by blood vessel wall inflammation and necrosis, resulting in tissue ischemia and involvement of multiple organs. Unique patterns of vascular involvement, clinical symptoms, and immunopathogenesis have been observed in KD, EGPA, MPA, Buerger’s disease, and Behçet’s disease. Recent developments, especially in ANCA-associated vasculitis and EGPA, have enhanced our knowledge of immunological pathways, improved diagnostic instruments, and revised treatment recommendations.… - [Pituitary Dwarfisim in Pediatrics](https://ijmsrci.com/pituitary-dwarfisim-in-pediatrics/): 1.   Gulnaz Osmonova 2.   Sachin Tiwari (1. Teacher, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic 2.Student, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic) Abstract Pituitary dwarfism in children, also commonly referred to as childhood growth hormone deficiency (GHD) or hypopituitarism, represents a spectrum of disorders characterized by insufficient secretion or action of growth-promoting hormones. Although rare, it is clinically significant due to its impact on height, pubertal development, metabolic function, and quality of life. This article synthesizes current knowledge of growth patterns, endocrine profiles, diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies, long-term outcomes, and real-world clinical scenarios in pediatric pituitary… - [Occupational Diseases of Medical Workers](https://ijmsrci.com/occupational-diseases-of-medical-workers/): 1. Dr. Turusbekova Akshoola Kozmanbetovna 2. Fadiya Mariyam  (1. Teacher, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic 2. Student, International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic.)   AbstractBackgroundMedicine is one of the few professions in which daily work carries a measurable risk of acquiring the very diseases one is trained to treat. From hepatitis B contracted through a hollow-bore needle in 1978 to COVID-19 aerosols inhaled during intubation in 2020, occupational diseases among health-care workers (HCWs) have shaped infection-control doctrine, labour law, and the moral economy of medicine itself. Yet surveillance is fragmented, compensation systems are uneven,… ## Pages - [My Dashboard](https://ijmsrci.com/my-dashboard/) - [Database III](https://ijmsrci.com/database-iii/): Article Archives — Database III All published articles are listed below. Open access — freely available worldwide. No. Article Title Author(s) Specialty Year 1 Mental Health Disorders Among Medical Students E. Boateng, K. Asante Psychiatry 2025 2 Social Media Impact on Adolescent Mental Health P. Singh, A. Kumar Public Health 2025 3 Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Emergency Medicine M. Torres, C. Rivera Emergency Medicine 2025 4 Sleep Quality and Academic Performance in MBBS Students H. 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